Private Limited Company

• Limited liability — shareholders' personal assets fully protected from business debts and obligations
• Separate legal entity distinct from its owners — can own property, enter contracts, sue and be sued
• Can issue ESOPs and raise equity funding from VCs, angel investors, and PE funds
• Greater credibility with enterprise clients, banks, government departments, and large corporates
• Structured corporate governance suitable for multi-founder startups and investor-backed companies
• Easy transfer of ownership through share transfers — no dissolution required on owner change
• Tax benefits — corporate tax at 22% (or 25% for turnover below Rs.400 Cr) under new tax regime

Eligibility:

• Minimum 2 directors, maximum 15 directors; at least 1 must be an Indian resident (stayed in India for 182+ days in the preceding year)
• Minimum 2 shareholders, maximum 200 shareholders
• Directors must be 18+ years of age with no criminal convictions or MCA disqualifications
• Valid DIN (Director Identification Number) and DSC (Digital Signature Certificate) Class 3 for all directors
• Registered office address in India

Documents Required:

• PAN Card and Aadhaar / Passport of all proposed directors
• Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) Class 3 for each director
• Registered office proof — utility bill (not older than 2 months) + NOC from property owner
• Proposed company name (minimum 3 name choices) and primary business objects
• Draft Memorandum of Association (MOA) and Articles of Association (AOA)
• Passport-size photographs of all directors (recent, white background)

1. Obtain DIN: Apply for Director Identification Number for all proposed directors (or confirm existing DINs)
2. Apply for DSC: Digital Signature Certificate Class 3 for each director — required for all MCA e-filings
3. Name reservation: Check and reserve company name on MCA portal via SPICe+ Part A or RUN (Reserve Unique Name)
4. Draft MOA: Memorandum of Association defining company objects, clause by clause — MFiling's CS team prepares this
5. Draft AOA: Articles of Association defining internal governance, board procedures, and share management rules
6. File SPICe+: Submit INC-32 (SPICe+) with eMOA, eAOA, and AGILE-PRO-S for simultaneous GST, TAN, and PAN registration
7. Receive COI: Certificate of Incorporation with CIN issued by MCA Registrar — typically within 3–7 working days of SPICe+ submission

• AOC-4 (Financial Statements): File within 30 days of AGM
• MGT-7A (Annual Return): File within 60 days of AGM
• AGM: Hold within 6 months of financial year-end (by 30th September)
• ADT-1 (Auditor): File within 15 days of AGM
• DIR-3 KYC: Annual eKYC for all directors by 30th September
• INC-20A (Commencement of Business): File within 180 days of incorporation
• ITR-6: Annual income tax return filing
• GST Returns: Monthly / quarterly as applicable
• TDS Returns: Quarterly filing (24Q, 26Q) if TDS applicable
• Maintain statutory registers — Register of Members, Directors, Share Certificates

Q: What is the minimum capital required to register a Private Limited Company?
There is no minimum paid-up capital requirement under the Companies Act 2013. Companies are typically incorporated with nominal authorised capital of Rs.1 lakh. The authorised capital determines MCA filing fees and can be increased at any time by passing a shareholders' resolution and paying additional stamp duty.

Q: Can an NRI incorporate a Private Limited Company in India?
Yes, NRIs can be directors and shareholders. However, at least one director must be an Indian resident (stayed in India for 182+ days in the preceding calendar year). FDI into the company may require RBI/FEMA compliance depending on the sector and investment route.

Q: How long is the Certificate of Incorporation valid?
The Certificate of Incorporation has no expiry date. The company has perpetual existence until voluntarily wound up by shareholders or compulsorily wound up by NCLT. Annual compliance filings with MCA, Income Tax, and GST must be maintained to remain in active status.

Q: What is included in the Certificate of Incorporation?
The COI contains the company name, Corporate Identity Number (CIN — a 21-character alphanumeric identifier), date of incorporation, and Registrar's seal and signature. The COI is required for opening bank accounts, GST registration, signing contracts, and all regulatory applications.

MFiling manages the complete Private Limited Company incorporation — from DSC and DIN procurement to Certificate of Incorporation — in 7–10 business days. Our comprehensive service includes MOA/AOA drafting, SPICe+ filing, PAN, TAN, bank account opening support, and first-year compliance guidance.

• End-to-end service: DSC → DIN → Name → MOA/AOA → SPICe+ → COI — one team, zero handoffs
• Expert drafting: MOA objects drafted by qualified CS to satisfy MCA and simultaneously qualify for GST, FSSAI, import-export, and sector-specific licences
• Post-incorporation support: Bank account opening assistance, GST registration, INC-20A filing
• First-year compliance calendar: Proactive reminders for AGM, DIR-3 KYC, AOC-4, MGT-7A, and ITR-6
• Transparent pricing: No hidden charges — government fee Rs.500 + MFiling professional charges from Rs.2,899